CVE-2016-10555
Cisco JWTSimple RSA HMAC Forgery
Description
Since "algorithm" isn't enforced in jwt.decode()in jwt-simple 0.3.0 and earlier, a malicious user could choose what algorithm is sent sent to the server. If the server is expecting RSA but is sent HMAC-SHA with RSA's public key, the server will think the public key is actually an HMAC private key. This could be used to forge any data an attacker wants.
INFO
Published Date :
May 31, 2018, 8:29 p.m.
Last Modified :
Nov. 21, 2024, 2:44 a.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 2.0 | MEDIUM | [email protected] | ||||
| CVSS 3.0 | MEDIUM | [email protected] |
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github
CVE-2016-10555 has a 32 public
PoC/Exploit available at Github.
Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2016-10555.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://auth0.com/blog/2015/03/31/critical-vulnerabilities-in-json-web-token-libraries/ | Broken Link Third Party Advisory |
| https://github.com/hokaccha/node-jwt-simple/pull/14 | Issue Tracking Third Party Advisory |
| https://github.com/hokaccha/node-jwt-simple/pull/16 | Issue Tracking Third Party Advisory |
| https://nodesecurity.io/advisories/87 | Third Party Advisory |
| https://auth0.com/blog/2015/03/31/critical-vulnerabilities-in-json-web-token-libraries/ | Broken Link Third Party Advisory |
| https://github.com/hokaccha/node-jwt-simple/pull/14 | Issue Tracking Third Party Advisory |
| https://github.com/hokaccha/node-jwt-simple/pull/16 | Issue Tracking Third Party Advisory |
| https://nodesecurity.io/advisories/87 | Third Party Advisory |
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2016-10555 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2016-10555
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
A comprehensive JWT attack CLI covering every major vulnerability class — from alg:none bypass to RS256→HS256 algorithm confusion, HMAC secret bruteforce, kid header injection (SQLi + path traversal), jku/x5u spoofing with built-in JWKS server, and full token forgery. Built for bug bounty hunters and red teamers.
algorithm-confusion bug-bounty-tools json-web-token jwt jwt-attacks jwt-security penetration-testing-tools token-forgery web-security
Python
Eight constrained reviewers. Each scoped to a different failure surface. Hook-enforced walls, not just prompts.
ai-code-review claude-code code-review codex-cli copilot-cli defense-in-depth hooks multi-agent security
Python
🔐 JWT Security Analyzer — Decode, verify, brute-force, and test JWT tokens. Built with FastAPI + React + Tailwind. For authorized security testing & CTF only.
brute-force ctf cybersecurity docker fastapi hashcat jwt jwt-token nodejs penetration-testing python react security security-tools tailwindcss
Dockerfile Python JavaScript HTML CSS Shell Roff
None
Dockerfile Python
CTF exercise based in session token forgery
ctf security token-forgery
Python HTML
Uebung zu JWT-Schwachstellen
Dockerfile Python HTML
None
Python
JWTForge is a comprehensive CLI JWT exploitation suite covering every major JWT attack in one tool.
Shell Python
None
Python
None
Dockerfile Python
jwt_fuzz_tool
Go
None
Java
None
Python HTML CSS JavaScript
None
HTML JavaScript CSS
JSON Web Token Toolkit for ANDRAX-NG
Shell Dockerfile Python
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2016-10555 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2016-10555 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
CVE Modified by af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Nov. 21, 2024
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference https://auth0.com/blog/2015/03/31/critical-vulnerabilities-in-json-web-token-libraries/ Added Reference https://github.com/hokaccha/node-jwt-simple/pull/14 Added Reference https://github.com/hokaccha/node-jwt-simple/pull/16 Added Reference https://nodesecurity.io/advisories/87 -
CVE Modified by [email protected]
May. 14, 2024
Action Type Old Value New Value -
CVE Modified by [email protected]
Oct. 09, 2019
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CWE HackerOne CWE-20 -
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Jul. 20, 2018
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V2 (AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N) Added CVSS V3 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N Changed Reference Type https://github.com/hokaccha/node-jwt-simple/pull/14 No Types Assigned https://github.com/hokaccha/node-jwt-simple/pull/14 Issue Tracking, Third Party Advisory Changed Reference Type https://nodesecurity.io/advisories/87 No Types Assigned https://nodesecurity.io/advisories/87 Third Party Advisory Changed Reference Type https://auth0.com/blog/2015/03/31/critical-vulnerabilities-in-json-web-token-libraries/ No Types Assigned https://auth0.com/blog/2015/03/31/critical-vulnerabilities-in-json-web-token-libraries/ Broken Link, Third Party Advisory Changed Reference Type https://github.com/hokaccha/node-jwt-simple/pull/16 No Types Assigned https://github.com/hokaccha/node-jwt-simple/pull/16 Issue Tracking, Third Party Advisory Added CWE CWE-310 Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:jwt-simple_project:jwt-simple:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* versions up to (including) 0.3.0